Harvard - Patents and standards
How to reference patents and standards using Harvard referencing system.
On this page you will find information on how to reference
Patents
The name in the reference is the person or company who is the applicant in the patent database. If there is no such information in the database it is the inventor himself who applied for the patent.
Patent, inventor
Template
Inventor's last name, first name initial., (Year). Title. Patent number
Textual reference
(Hooper, 1985)
In the reference list
Hooper, B. (1985) Stepped piston and stepped piston engine. US4522163 A
Patent, company
Template
Company name., (Year). Title. Patent number
Textual reference
(Astra AB, 1996)
In the reference list
Astra AB (1996) Process for the preparation of respirable particles. WO1996032095A1
Standards
Template
Company name (Year). Identifying letters and numbers and full title of the standard. Place of publication: Publisher.
Textual reference
The important thing when referencing a standard is to include the identifying letters and numbers. The reference is made according to the Harvard system standard, that is, the name of the company and year, so make sure to include the number of the standard in your text. For example:
According to SS 436 40 00 (Svensk Elstandard, 2009) electric installations should…
In the reference list
British Standards Institution (1990). BS 5555:1990 Recommendations for wiring identification. Milton Keynes: BSI.